Spinal internal fixation surgery is often used to treat spinal diseases such as spinal stenosis, scoliosis and spondylolisthesis. With the continuous progress of spinal surgery technology and evolution of internal fixation materials, the amount of spinal internal fixation surgery is increasing year by year. Although the current aseptic condition of surgery has made great progress, post-operative spinal infection is still a problem that can not be ignored, which affects the cure rate and survival rate of patients after spinal internal fixation surgery, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection after spinal internal fixation surgery, which not only increases the medical cost as well as physical and mental burden of patients, but also may lead to the failure of internal fixation surgery and even threaten life. This paper reviews the treatment and prevention of MRSA infection after spinal internal fixation surgery.