Objective To investigate the management status of hydrogen peroxide low temperature plasma sterilization in hospitals of Henan Province, analyze existing weakness and provide effective countermeasures and refe- rences for improving the quality of low temperature sterilization. Methods From July to August 2021, 170 hospitals in Henan Province were conveniently selected. A self-designed questionnaire was adopted to investigate the use status, management system, sterilization operation, sterilization effect monitoring, maintenance, knowledge and skill training of operators of hydrogen peroxide low temperature plasma sterilizer. Results Of the 170 surveyed hospitals, 147(86.47%) have formulated job responsibilities of operators and the maintenance system for sterilizers; 146(85.88%) have established emergency scheme for sterilizer failure; 152(89.41%) have kept a distance of at least 25 mm between load and electrode grid; 167(98.24%) have obtained the sanitary license from National Health Commission (the former Ministry of Health) for the disinfection products for hospital sterilizers, sterilizing agent, and monitored products; 137(80.59%) checked the leakage monitoring indicator and the outer packing before using sterilizing agent; 126(74.12%) blocked ultraviolet light while loading sterilized items; 110(64.71%) checked and confirmed the hydrogen peroxide concentration after sterilization; 71(41.76%) used luminal biological process challenge device (PCD) to monitor luminal instruments; operators in 156(91.76%) hospitals received training and passed the assessment of relevant knowledge before working; operators in 152(89.41%) hospitals could correctly handle common sterilizer failures. Conclusion There are still problems in management of hydrogen peroxide low temperature plasma sterilization in hospital central sterile supply departments in Henan Province, such as nonstandard sterilization operation, inadequate implementation of sterilization effect monitoring, as well as lacking of knowledge and skill training of operators. Central sterile supply departments should establish quality management system for hydrogen peroxide low temperature plasma sterilization, standardize sterilization operations, strictly implement sterilization effect monitoring, refine maintenance contents and strengthen relevant knowledge and skill training, so as to ensure the quality and safety of low temperature sterilization.