Objective To understand the current situation of human resource allocation of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) professionals in secondary and above medical institutions in Shanxi Province, and provide reference for the construction of talent team of HAI management professionals in Shanxi Province. Methods From January 17 to February 4, 2023, convenience sampling method was adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey on HAI professionals in secondary and above hospitals in Shanxi Province. Results A total of 284 HAI professionals from 200 hospitals were surveyed. 45 were tertiary hospitals and 155 were secondary hospitals. 56 hospitals (28.0%) had sufficient HAI professionals. There was statistically significant difference in the adequacy rate of human resource allocation of HAI professionals in hospitals of different levels and different number of beds (P < 0.05). The adequacy rate of tertiary hospitals was higher than that of secondary hospitals, with the lowest adequacy rate being those with 100-500 beds. The age of HAI professionals was mostly between 46 and 66 years old (50.4%), 94.4% were female, 80.0% were nurses, only 7.0% have master's degree, 44.8% had senior professional titles. Although 61.6% of them had more than 20 years of medical service, 43.3% of them had less than 5 years in HAI prevention and control work, and 91.9% obtained the certificate of HAI professionals. Conclusion The human resource allocation of HAI professionals in second level and above hospitals in Shanxi Province is insufficient, and the personnel structure is irrational. Medical institutions should further strengthen the construction of the talent team for HAI professionals.