Objective To summarize the clinical symptoms, imaging findings, and laboratory examination characteristics of patients with brucellosis sternoclavicular arthritis, and provide references for diagnosis and treatment. Methods Patients admitted to the brucellosis department of a hospital from August 2013 to February 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. The epidemiological characteristics, initial diagnosis, clinical manifestations, clinical signs, laboratory examinations, imaging examinations, as well as treatment and prognosis were analyzed. Results Among the 14 patients with brucellosis sternoclavicular arthritis, 11 were males and 3 were females, all of whom had a clear epidemiological history. Clinical manifestations included joint pain (n=14), fever (n=10), fatigue (n=10), hyperhidrosis (n=6), and chills (n=5). The main clinical signs were redness, swelling and pain of joints (n=14), splenomegaly (n=4), and lymphadenopathy (n=3). Abnormal laboratory examination results were mainly characterized by elevated inflammatory markers, with 14 cases showing elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and 10 cases showing elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), accompanied by hematological and liver damage. All 14 patients received at least 12 weeks full course of anti-infection therapy, out of which 13 were cured and 1 underwent surgical treatment, with a 100% effective rate. Conclusion The incidence of brucellosis sternoclavicular arthritis is low, which is prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Clinical attention should be paid to differential diagnosis. Early detection, diagnosis, and treatment lead to better clinical prognosis.