Objective To analyze the application effect of active intervention mode in improving the quality of detection of pathogens from department of obstetrics. Methods Inpatients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial therapy in the department of obstetrics in a hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research subjects, active intervention measures were implemented based on the pathogen detection rate and specimen qualified rate. January-December 2022 was pre-intervention stage and January-December 2023 was post-intervention stage. Relevant indicators before and after the active intervention were compared and analyzed to evaluate the intervention efficacy. Results Therapeutic antimicrobial use rate in obstetric inpatients after active intervention was lower than before intervention (5.08% vs 11.87%). The proportion of targeted pathogen specimen detection before antimicrobial therapy after active intervention was higher than before active intervention (54.63% vs 8.04%), among which the proportions of blood culture (24.67% vs 5.15%), urine culture (4.41% vs 1.65%), fetal membrane culture (11.01% vs 0.41%), cervical secretion culture (5.29% vs 0.41%), and amniotic fluid culture (9.25% vs 0.41%) after intervention all increased compared with before intervention, and the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). The qualified rate of microbial culture specimens from department of obstetrics after active intervention was higher than before active intervention (91.13% vs 66.67%), with statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusion Active intervention mode not only improve the health care workers’ awareness on targeted pathogen detection, but also increase the qualified rate of microbial culture detection, effectively improve the quality of detection of pathogens from department of obstetrics.