Cutibacterium avidum (C. avidum) is a Gram-positive bacterium belonging to Corynebacterium cutis, which mainly exists on the surface of human skin and rarely causes invasive infection of superficial or deep skin. At present, there is no unified expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of C. avidum. This paper reports a patient with epidermoid cyst caused by C. avidum who recovered and was discharged after neurosurgical resection of superficial mass and antimicrobial treatment, aiming to enhance the clinical recognition on C. avidum infection and provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.