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ObjectiveTo understand pathogen spectrum of bacterial and fungal infection of central nervous system (CNS), and evaluate the etiological diagnostic value of universal primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR).MethodsData about patients with suspected or confirmed bacterial and fungal infection of CNS from January 2009 to March 2015 were collected, species of pathogens from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were analyzed, DNA from patients’ CSF were performed PCR amplification and sequencing with universal primers of bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal 28S rRNA, PCR detection results were compared with CSF culture during the same period.ResultsA total of 400 patients were with confirmed or suspected bacterial or fungal infection of CNS, 132 of whom were with positive CSF culture.150 pathogenic isolates were detected, including 48 isolates of grampositive bacteria, 90 gramnegative bacteria, and 12 fungi; the top three isolated bacteria were Acinetobacter baumannii (n=32), coagulase negative staphylococcus (n=16) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=13); the most common fungus was Cryptococcus neoformans (n=8). CSF from 88 infected patients and 20 noninfected patients were selected for PCR amplification, the sensitive of PCR amplification assay was higher than the culture method (35.23% ［31/88］ vs 28.41%［25/88］, χ2＝4.17，P＜0.05）. Negative predictive value of PCR amplification assay and culture method were 25.97% and 24.10% respectively, the specificity and positive predictive value of two methods were both 100.00%. The coincidence rate of PCR amplification sequencing and culture result was 84.00%(21/25); the average reporting time of PCR (48 h) was more rapid than that of culture (72 h for bacteria and 96h for fungi).ConclusionPathogens of CNS infections are widely distributed and the main are gramnegative bacteria; universal primer PCR has the characteristics of rapid, high sensitivity, and accuracy, which has a good clinical popularization and application value.

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ObjectiveTo establish a reliable approach for quantification of colony forming unit(CFU) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tb) by measuring optical density(OD).MethodsM.tb suspension H37Ra was prepared using lowpower ultrasonic or glass bead beating methods, and was twofold serially diluted, OD at 600nm (OD600) of each dilution ratio was measured respectively, OD600 and dilution curve were analyzed to determine the optimum approach for preparing bacterial suspension，linear range of OD600, as well as linear relationship between OD600 and CFU.ResultsOD600 was 0.1-0.6, linear regression analysis of OD600 and dilution ratio within linear range revealed that correlation coefficient (R2) of glass bead beating and lowpower ultrasonic methods were 0.98 and 1.00 respectively，both presented a good correlation, lowpower ultrasonic method was better than glass bead beating method, bacterial suspension dispersed more evenly. Linear regression analysis results of OD600 and CFU values showed that the regression equation of glass bead beating method and lowpower ultrasonic method were CFU=2.35×107×OD600+4.42×105 and CFU=3.26×107×OD600+6.89×105 respectively.ConclusionLowpower ultrasonic method is a good method for preparation of M.tb suspension，combined the measurement of OD600 value， it can be a reliable and rapid method for quantitative analysis of M.tb.

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ObjectiveTo explore the status of healthcareassociated infection(HAI) in hospitals in Buyi autonomous prefecture of Guizhou Povince, and provide basis for formulating HAI control measures.MethodsA survey was conducted by combined methods of bedside survey and medical record reviewing, prevalence rates of secondary and above hospitals in Buyi autonomous prefecture in Guizhou Province between September 10 and October 5, 2014 were surveyed.Results6 577 hospitalized patients should be investigated, 6 541(99.45%) were actually investigated. The prevalence rate and case prevalence rate of HAI were 1.83% (n=120) and 1.94%(n=127) respectively. The top three departments of HAI distribution were intensive care unit (26.32%), neurosurgery (6.10%）,and neonatal intensive care unit(5.13%); the main infection site was lower respiratory tract(n=39,30.71%), followed by skinsoft tissue (n=24, 18.90%) and superficial incision (n=23,18.11%). 58 pathogenic isolates were detected, gramnegative bacteria were the major pathogens (n=44), grampositive bacteria and fungi were 10 and 3 isolates respectively. Antimicrobial usage rate at survey day was 42.12%, 64.75% of which were for therapeutic, 26.83% for prophylactic, and 8.42% for therapeutic+prophylactic use; the percentage of monodrug, two drugs combination, and three or more drugs combination use were 79.53%， 19.89%，and 0.58% respectively；bacterial detection rate in patients receiving therapeutic as well as therapeutic+prophylactic antimicrobial use was 13.76%.ConclusionSurvey on prevalence of HAI is helpful for understanding the current status of HAI, monitoring on HAI in key departments of hospital and key sites of patients should be strengthened to reduce the occurrence HAI effectively.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of fungi isolated from lower respiratory tract(LRT) sputum specimens of elderly patients, and provide evidence for preventing and treating fungal infection.MethodsFungi isolated from LRT specimens of elderly patients in 3 hospitals in Yunna subplateau area between January 2010 and October 2014 were collected, identified and performed antifungal susceptibility testing.ResultsOf 1 887 fungal isolates, Candida albicans (C. albicans) accounted for 65.18%, Mucor（0.69%）, Aspergillus nidulans （0.16%） and other rare strains were isolated; the isolated strains were highly sensitive to nystatin (100.00%), amphotericin B (90.14%), and itraconazole (88.98%); but had higher resistance rates to fluconazole (34.29%) and miconazole (36.62%); five common Candida species were all sensitive to nystatin, but resistance rates of C. albicans and C. glabrata to fluconazole and miconazole were up to 35.94%-40.88%, resistance rate of C. albicans to 5fluorocytosine was 19.51%.ConclusionFungal species and antifungal susceptibility testing results should be considered in antifungal treatment for elderly patients.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of major pathogens causing bloodstream infection in a tertiary hospital, so as to guide the clinical rational use of antimicrobial agents.MethodsBlood specimens from patients with suspected bloodstream infection in this hospital between January 2012 and January 2015 were cultured, identified and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the major pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were analyzed statistically.ResultsA total of 1 658 strains of pathogens were isolated from 19 326 blood culture specimens, isolation rate was 8.58%, in which gramnegative bacilli, grampositive cocci, and fungi accounted for 58.57% (n=971), 39.38% (n=653), and 2.05% (n=34) respectively, the major gramnegative bacillus, grampositive coccus, and fungus were Escherichia coli, coagulasenegative staphylococci (CNS), and Candida albicans respectively. The isolated pathogens mainly distributed in departments of hematology, gastroenterology, and cardiovascular surgery. Detection rates of extendedspectrum βlactamases (ESBLs)producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 56.35% and 36.14% respectively, but were highly sensitive to cefoperazone / sulbactam and carbapenems (resistance rates <3%). The percentage of methicillinresistant coagulasenegative staphylococcus (MRCNS) and methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were 78.60％ and 32.28％respectively, but were highly sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid(resistance rates<1%).ConclusionEscherichia coli and CNS are predominant pathogens causing bloodstream infection in this hospital, antimicrobial resistance rates are high; regular analysis on distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing bloodstream infection is helpful for the prevention and control of infection caused by multidrugresistant organisms.

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ObjectiveTo explore the establishment of evaluation index system of healthcareassociated infection (HAI) control in stomatological medicine.MethodsThe evaluation index framework based on theme framework approach was preliminarily formed, Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were used to construct grading evaluation index, judgement matrix was adopted to calculate the weight coefficient of index.ResultsThe qualitative and quantitative combined evaluation system, a threelevel evaluation index system with 47 indicators, was built，which was composed of six following dimensions: organization management, diagnosis and treatment environment, isolation measures, disinfection area, disinfectant medical devices and hygiene products, and medical waste. Among the tertiary indexes, complete documents of disinfectant medical devices and hygiene products (0.0362）, object surface cleaning and disinfection(0.0344), medical waste classification and collection (0.0326）, supervision and management（0.0323）, flushing and disinfection of dental unit water lines （0.0321） were of higher weight coefficients.ConclusionThe preliminarily established evaluation index system can provide a scientific basis and practical tool for carrying out evaluation and supervision, formulating standards, as well as developing curriculum content for HAI control in stomatological medicine.

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ObjectiveTo analyze the constitute and antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. causing bloodstream infection in a hospital, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of bloodstream infection caused by Candida spp.MethodsCandida spp. isolated from blood specimens of clinical patients in a hospital between 2009 and 2013 were analyzed retrospectively, the high risk factors for Candida bloodstream infection were analyzed.ResultsA total of 42 isolates of Candida spp. were isolated from blood specimens of 42 patients between 2009 and 2013, the major was Candida parapsilosis (C. parapsilosis, n=20,47.62%), followed by C.albicans (n=16,38.10%), C.tropicalis (n=4, 9.52%), and C.glabrata(n=2, 4.76%). Candida spp. were mainly distributed in emergency intensive care unit(n=11), departments of urologic surgery (n=9) and cardiothoracic surgery(n=8). The venous catheters of 37 patients(88.10%) were isolated the same Candida spp. as blood culture, the average time from indwelling venous catheters to positive culture of blood and catheters were 31.47 and 33.18 days respectively; the percentage of positive culture for blood and catheters both increased with the prolongation of catheterization (both P<0.001). Susceptibility rates of Candida spp. to fluconazole and voriconazole were 75.00%-100.00%, to amphotericin B were all 100.00%, to itraconazole varied significantly with different species (0-87.50%).ConclusionThe major Candida strains causing bloodstream infection in this hospital is C. parapsilosis, and is related to the use of intravenous catheters, susceptibility rates to fluconazole, amphotericin B, and voriconazole are all high.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention measures on preventing and controlling the infection/colonization of multidrugresistant organism(MDRO) in respiratory tract of intensive care unit(ICU) patients.MethodsThroat swabs and sputum specimens from artificial airway suction were taken for bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing at the first, fourth, eighth day, and then every seven day of patients’ admission. JuneDecember 2013 was as preintervention group, from January 2014, comprehensive intervention measures began to be implemented, JuneDecember 2014 was as postintervention group, detection of MDROs were analyzed statistically.ResultsA total of 253 isolates of MDROs were detected, before and after intervention were 164 and 89 isolates respectively, 191 isolates（75.49%） were carbapenemresistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains, before and after intervention were 119 and 72 isolates respectively. Incidence of MDRO respiratory tract infection before and after intervention were 52.94% and 30.43% respectively, difference was significant(χ2=5.02，P=0.03）. The average hospitalization time of patients in pre and postintervention groups were (8.07±2.52) days and (6.89±1.71） days respectively, difference was significant （t=5.40，P＜0.01）.ConclusionMDROs are major pathogens causing healthcareassociated infection (HAI) in ICU patients, comprehensive intervention measures can reduce the occurrence of HAI.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the status and change trend of healthcareassociated infection (HAI) in a tumor hospital, so as to provide reference for formulating scientific control measures of HAI and strengthening management of HAI.MethodsAccording to the requirement of the National HAI Surveillance Network, on September 19, 2012, August 20, 2013 and August 13,2014, survey on HAI prevalence rates among all hospitalized patients in this hospital were carried out, data were analyzed statistically.ResultsThe prevalence rates of HAI from 2012 to 2014 were 6.93%,8.82%, and 8.10% respectively；lower respiratory tract was the main infection site in three years, accounting for 30.00%, 53.85%, and 47.44% respectively；followed by upper respiratory tract, abdominal (pelvic) tissue, superficial incision, and urinary tract. Gramnegative bacilli were the main pathogens causing HAI, accounting for 71.43%, 66.67%,and 72.97% respectively, the detection rate of Escherichia coli was the highest. Antimicrobial usage rates in 2012-2014 were 18.23%,13.64%, and 17.70% respectively；pathogenic detection rates in patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial use were 74.51%,57.14%,and 55.68% respectively（χ2=15.122，P=0.001）. Antimicrobial usage rates in type Ⅰ incisional operation were 0.78%, 6.25%, and 8.33% respectively.ConclusionSurvey of HAI prevalence rate is helpful for realizing the current situation of HAI and deficiency of prevention and control of HAI, taking targeted measures, and reducing incidence of HAI.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the direct economic loss due to surgical site infection(SSI) from a medical economics perspective, and provide basis for health administrative departments to make strategies.MethodsSSI in patients undergoing breast, stomach and colorectal operation between March 2008 and February 2010 were selected for 1∶1 casecontrol study, patients with SSI were as SSI group, without SSI during the same period were as control group, difference in medical expense and length of stay between two groups were compared, economic loss due to SSI was evaluated.ResultsA total of 1 523 operation cases were investigated, 75(4.92%) developed SSI. 69 effective pairings were obtained. Wilcoxon signed rank test revealed that difference in medical expense between two groups was statistically significant（Z=6.586，P＜0.001）， the median of average medical expense of SSI group was 6 828.60 yuan higher than control group, all kinds of medical expense in SSI group were all higher than control group; the median length of stay of SSI group was 10 days longer than that of control group （Z=5.939，P＜0.001）.ConclusionSSI can prolong hospitalization, increase medical expense, decrease bed turnover rate, and influence economic income and medical quality.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of implementation of hand hygiene(HH) activities on HH compliance among health care workers(HCWs).MethodsIn MayDecember 2013, a series of HH intervention measures in a hospital were implemented, compliance to HH among all clinical and laboratory HCWs in AprilDecember 2013 (before and after intervention) were surveyed and compared.ResultsAfter implementing HH activities, HH compliance rate of HCWs increased from 39.82% before intervention to 80.77% after intervention, HH compliance rates of doctors, nurses and cleaning staff increased from 41.09%,41.30% and 34.33% before intervention to 83.87%,91.89%, and 59.54% after intervention respectively， the differences between before and after intervention were all statistically significant (all P<0.001). Except intensive care unit, HH compliance rates of HCWs in departments of surgery, internal medicine, and radiotherapy were all higher than preintervention(all P<0.001). Compliance to five indications for HH among HCWs after intervention were all higher than preintervention(all P<0.001), HH  compliance rate before touching a patient increased from 23.88% to 73.37%，before clean/aseptic procedure increased from 58.65% to 94.23%.ConclusionThrough the implementation and supervision of HH activities, both the awareness and compliance of HH among HCWs have been significantly improved, good HH habit is gradually developed.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate nasal carriage and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria in health care workers(HCWs) in an intensive care unit (ICU), and provide basis for making prevention and control measures of healthcareassociated infection(HAI).MethodsFrom April 2014 to March 2015, nasal swabs from HCWs in ICU were collected, carriage and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria were detected.ResultsA total of 450 nasal swab specimens were taken, 137 strains were isolated, isolation rate was 30.44%. There were no significant difference in nasal carriage rates of bacteria in HCWs with different genders, ages, types of work, length of service, and educational level (P>0.05); nasal carriage rates in HCWs at different seasons were significantly different (P<0.05). 82 strains (59.85%) were gramnegative bacteria, the major were Klebsiella pneumoniae （21.16%）and Enterobacter aerogenes（18.98%） ; 55 strains (40.15% ) were grampositive bacteria, the major were Staphylococcus aureus （18.98%）and Staphylococcus epidermidis（15.33%）. 38 (27.74%）strains were multidrugresistant strains. 7.69% （2/26） of Staphylococcus aureus were methicillinresistant strains, 3.45%（1/29）of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 3.85%（1/26）of Enterobacter aerogenes were imipenemresistant strains.ConclusionNasal carriage rate of bacteria and detection rate of multidrugresistant organisms in HCWs in ICU is high.

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ObjectiveTo explore the effect of specific labeling method in improving the mixed placing of medical waste in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU).MethodsMedical waste classification of 34 trash cans in the NICU of a hospital between July and December 2014 were investigated, JulySeptember was preimplementation phase of specific labeling, OctoberDecember was postimplementation phase, mixed placing of medical waste between pre and postimplementation phase was compared.ResultsA total of 504 cases of medical waste classification in NICU were investigated, 252 cases respectively in pre and postimplementation phase, 74 cases of mixed placing were found. Mixed placing rates before implementing specific labeling was higher than after implementing （25.40%［64/252］ vs 3.97%［10/252］, χ2=46.187，P＜0.001）; before implementing specific labeling, 57 cases of infectious waste and noninfectious waste were mixed placing, after implementing specific labeling, only 8 cases of infectious waste and noninfectious waste were mixed placing. Mixed placing were mainly performed by trainees for inservice training and interns, accounting for 39.06% before implementing and 50.00% after implementing.ConclusionThe specific labeling for standardizing and managing of medical waste can improve the classification of medical waste in NICU, significantly improve the compliance of all kinds of health care workers to the standard handling of medical waste.

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ObjectiveTo summarize and analyze the effect of hand hygiene（HH） cost on the incidence of healthcareassociated infection (HAI), evaluate continuous improvement method, and provide data for hospital management.MethodsThe cost of HH project and incidence of HAI in a hospital from January 2013 to June 2014, as well as HH compliance in the first half year of 2014 were investigated.ResultsSemiannual statistics were performed， the cost of HH project in the first half of 2013, second half of 2013,and first half of 2014 were 283 490, 414 232, and 522 345 yuan respectively，compared with the first half of 2013, the cost of HH in the first half of 2014 increased by 84.26%; incidence of HAI were 3.13%, 3.33%, and 3.03% respectively，difference was significant（χ2=10.37，P＜0.001）.In the first half of 2014, HH compliance rate increased from 35.00% in January to 59.49% in June. The top three factors that affecting the implementation of HH were busy work, had no time for handwashing; inadequate HH facilities or supplies; inadequate knowledge about HH.ConclusionIncreasing the investment of HH products can improve HH compliance and reduce the incidence of HAI.

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目的了解某院普通外科患者腹部社区感染与医院感染大肠埃希菌分布及耐药性，为临床治疗提供参考。方法对2011年6月—2014年4月该院普通外科患者腹部各种标本检出的大肠埃希菌资料进行回顾性分析,用纸片扩散法进行药物敏感性检测。结果普通外科共分离大肠埃希菌168株，其中医院感染37株，社区感染131株。医院感染部位以切口和创面为主，分别占56.76%和18.92%；社区感染以腹腔和肛周为主，分别占64.89%和10.69%。168株大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南均敏感；医院感染大肠埃希菌对阿米卡星、四环素、米诺环素的耐药率与社区感染大肠埃希菌耐药率比较，差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）；医院感染大肠埃希菌对呋喃妥因和奈替米星的耐药率低于社区感染大肠埃希菌，对其余22种常用抗菌药物的耐药率均高于社区感染大肠埃希菌，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05)。结论普通外科患者腹部大肠埃希菌以切口和创面感染为主，医院感染菌株耐药性较高。建议加强普通外科手术切口感染目标性监测与控制，合理使用抗菌药物，减少医院感染。

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目的分析某精神病医院内一起流感暴发事件的流行病学特征和控制效果，为预防与控制精神病医院流感等呼吸道传染病提供依据。方法采用流行病学调查方法，结合临床症状和实验室检测等调查2014年6月30日—7月29日某精神病医院男性心理卫生科所有在院患者和医务人员。结果该病区医务人员28名，2014年6月30日—7月29日共有住院患者157例，发现流感病例23例，罹患率为12.43%，其中住院患者22例，病区保洁工人1例，无医护人员发病。7月7日出现首例流感病例，为当日新入院患者，末例发病时间为7月22日。所有病例均有不同程度的发热、咽痛、头痛、咳嗽等症状，无危重和死亡病例。采集20份咽拭子标本，5份检测出季节性H3亚型流感病毒。两个发病高峰分别为7月14日和17日，占发病总例数的43.48%（10例），86.96%（20例）发生在7月12—18日。该病区病房分布在同一栋楼的第1—3层，其中第1、3层病房分别有10、13例患者；病区所有患者均在同一时间、同一地点进行室外活动。通过采取积极的控制措施，此次疫情得到有效控制。结论该事件为一起由新入院病例为传染源，在人与人之间连续性传播的医院内流感暴发。精神病专科医院患者及病房管理有其特殊性，建议加强新入院患者的传染病预检分诊和住院患者的传染病筛查，落实病区环境消毒管理措施，防止医院内流感暴发。

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目的探讨活检钳3种不同预清洗方法的清洗质量。方法选择2014年5—8月某院使用后的宫颈活检钳（180件次），随机分为A、B、C 组，每组60件次。A组对明显可见污染物进行预冲洗，B组浸泡于1∶500超浓缩酶液5 min，C组浸泡于1∶500超浓缩酶液5 min，并在水面下反复开合活检钳至少10次，同时对齿缝、沟槽处进行刷洗。3组不同预清洗后的活检钳均采用带光源放大镜目测、潜血试验及ATP生物荧光法进行清洗质量检测。结果采用带光源放大镜目测法进行清洗质量检测，A、B、C组器械合格率分别为60.00%、63.33%、80.00%；采用潜血试验进行检测，A、B、C组器械合格率分别为35.00%、50.00%、75.00%；上述两种检测方式均显示 C组器械合格率高于A、B组（均P＜0.05）。采用ATP生物荧光法检测，A、B、C组器械合格率分别为95.00%、98.33%、100.00%，3组比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=3.580，P=0.167）。A、B、C组不同清洗质量检测方法合格率比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。结论活检钳类器械机械清洗前酶液浸泡，手工预清洗时配合反复开合手柄能明显提高清洗质量；目测结合潜血试验是较为理想的清洗质量检测方法。

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目的评价风险管理在重症医学科预防呼吸机相关肺炎（VAP）中的效果。方法选取某院重症监护病房（ICU）有使用呼吸机适应证且进行有创呼吸机辅助呼吸≥48 h的患者（2013年1—10月为实施前组，2014年1—10月为实施后组），收集相关资料明确使用呼吸机患者发生VAP的风险因素，计算各风险因素的风险优先系数（RPN）并进行分级，对高风险因素采取应对措施，并再次评估各风险因素；比较风险管理实施前后VAP发生情况。结果实施前组观察患者132例，实施后组128例。风险管理实施前，26个风险因素中4个为风险水平高的因素，分别为净化设备维护管理不到位（RPN值为27），通风、温度、湿度不达标（RPN值为18），终末消毒未落实、床单位消毒设施失效（RPN值为18），未选用带声门下分泌物吸引的气管导管（RPN值为18）。实施风险管理后上述4个风险因素的风险水平均由高变为低或中，而口腔护理液选用不当由实施前的低风险（RPN值为6）改变为实施后的高风险（RPN值为18）。实施风险管理前呼吸机使用率为33.65%，实施后为36.55%；而VAP发病率实施前为25.30‰，实施后为12.15‰。结论应用风险管理能够发现VAP不同风险因素的风险水平，有利于针对性的采取控制措施，改变发生VAP的风险水平，进一步降低VAP的发病率。

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目的通过连续两年医院感染现患率调查了解某院医院感染情况。方法采用床旁调查及查阅住院病历相结合的方法，于2012年8月2日、2013年10月10日对该院住院患者进行调查。结果2012、2013年医院感染现患率分别为2.65%（62例）、3.23%（57例），两年医院感染现患率比较，差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.14，P=0.29）。2012、2013年医院感染部位均以下呼吸道为主，分别占43.75%、45.90%；其次为手术部位，分别占12.50%、6.56%。2012、2013年抗菌药物使用率分别为33.36％、34.73%，其中治疗性使用抗菌药物所占比率分别为52.20%、52.85%。2012年治疗性使用抗菌药物患者细菌培养送检率为63.52%（350例），2013年为58.85%（256例）。结论该院连续两年医院感染现患率及抗菌药物使用率均不高。通过此次调查有助于了解医院感染情况，为抗菌药物的合理应用，医院感染预防控制措施的制订提供依据。

Abstract:

外科手术部位感染（surgical site infection，SSI）是术后患者常见的医院感染和手术并发症［1-4］，居医院感染的第3位，在外科患者医院感染中居第2位［5］。SSI不仅影响患者治疗效果，延长住院时间，更增加其经济负担［6］。美国发生SSI患者的经济压力是未发生SSI患者的2倍［7］；每增加1%的SSI发病率，国家财政住院支出增加9亿美元，对应的支出总额高达16亿美元［8］。美国医院感染监测系统（National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance，NNIS）对42 509例医院感染患者进行调查，器官腔隙感染占患者死亡原因的比率高达89%［9］。因此，开展SSI预防与控制的研究，具有现实的经济意义［10］。近年来，国内外诸多学者［11-18］对SSI的防控进行了相关研究，其具体措施包括：空气处理、手术环境表面清洁、杀菌技术、手术团队行为、手术着装、薄膜覆盖和无菌环境等。其中薄膜覆盖技术的使用至少已有50年的历史，该技术应用医用手术薄膜覆盖手术部位进而防止皮肤组织细菌定植，感染手术切口。本文就薄膜覆盖技术在预防和降低SSI发病率有效性的研究现状予以综述。